Never underestimate
the power of a bite.

Japanese encephalitis is a potentially devastating neurologic disease¹

A traveler to any of 24 countries in Asia can be infected with Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus,¹ which is related to mosquito-borne Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile viruses.² In rare cases, JE viral infection can result in encephalitis¹

Learn more about protecting travelers from Japanese encephalitis.

What is JE?

Reduce Risk for Your Patients by Knowing the Facts

CLICK TO EXPAND

KEY FACTS ABOUT JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Japanese encephalitis is not just in Japan

The Japanese encephalitis virus is endemic to 24 countries across Asia and Southeast Asia, as well as parts of the western Pacific.¹

JE occurs across Asia

Approximately 68,000 symptomatic cases of JE are estimated to occur each year in Asia.¹

JE is the most common
vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia^1,3

JE is the leading cause of viral-induced neurologic disability.^1,3

Up to 30% who develop
JE die, and up to 50%
of JE survivors suffer
long-term sequelae^{1,3 *}

*Neurologic, cognitive, and psychiatric impairment^1,4

There is no specific
treatment for JE³

Prevention is the best protection.³

CLICK TO EXPAND

KEY FACTS ABOUT JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Japanese encephalitis is not just in Japan

The Japanese encephalitis virus is endemic to 24 countries across Asia and Southeast Asia, as well as parts of the western Pacific.¹

JE occurs across Asia

Approximately 68,000 symptomatic cases of JE are estimated to occur each year in Asia.¹

JE is the most common
vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia^1,3

JE is the leading cause of viral-induced neurologic disability.^1,3

Up to 30% who develop JE die, and up to 50%
of JE survivors suffer long-term sequelae^{1,4 *}

*Neurologic, cognitive, and psychiatric impairment^1,4

There is no specific
treatment for JE^1,4

Prevention is the best protection.^1,4

One vaccine can help
protect them.

Learn about IXIARO®

Japanese encephalitis is a devastating yet
vaccine-preventable disease^1,3

Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC)

Learn more about risk reduction strategies
and vaccination for travelers at risk.

What is IXIARO®?

Learn More

CDC Recommends

Learn More

One vaccine can help protect them.

Learn about IXIARO®

Japanese encephalitis is a devastating yet
vaccine-preventable disease^1,3

What is Ixiaro?®

Learn More

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Learn more about risk reduction strategies and vaccination for travelers at risk.

CDC Recommends

Learn More

Indication & Usage

IXIARO is a vaccine indicated for the prevention of disease caused by JE virus, approved for use in individuals 2 months of age and older.

Important Safety Information

Severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) after a previous dose of IXIARO, any other Japanese encephalitis vaccine, or any component of IXIARO, including protamine sulfate ─ a compound known to cause hypersensitivity reactions in some individuals ─ is a contraindication to administration of IXIARO. Individuals with a history of severe allergic reaction to another Japanese encephalitis vaccine may be referred to an allergist for evaluation if immunization with IXIARO might be considered.

Vaccination with IXIARO may not protect all individuals. Immunocompromised individuals may have a diminished immune response to IXIARO. Syncope can occur in association with administration of injectable vaccines, including IXIARO. Procedures should be in place to prevent injury from falling and manage syncopal reactions.

The most common (>10%) adverse reactions were: fever, irritability, diarrhea, and injection site redness in infants 2 months to <1 year of age; fever in children 1 to <12 years of age; pain and tenderness in adolescents 12 to <18 years of age; and, headache, myalgia, and injection site pain and tenderness in adults.

Healthcare practitioners are encouraged to report negative side effects of vaccines to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Visit www.vaers.hhs.gov or call 1-800-822-7967. Healthcare practitioners are also encouraged to report inadvertent use in pregnant women to Valneva at 844-349-4276 (8443-IXIARO), or +1-301-556-4500.

Please see full Prescribing Information.

Important Safety Information | Prescribing Information | Treatment & Prevention | References

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Suite 460
Bethesda, MD 20814
USA

Customer Service
+1-833-403-8778

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+1 844 349 4276
(8443-IXIARO)
or +1-301-556-4500

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Country	Affected areas	Transmission season	Comments
Australia	Outer Torres Strait Islands, northern Cape York	December–May; all human cases reported February–April	Rare cases reported from Outer Torres Strait Islands and 1 case previously reported from northern Queensland mainland Vaccine only recommended for Outer Torres Strait Islands
Bangladesh	Widespread	Year-round with most cases reported May–November	Cases reported from multiple areas, including Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi, Ranjpur, and Sylhet Divisions, so transmission likely countrywide
Bhutan	Presumed transmission in nonmountainous areas	Unknown	Rare cases reported but limited data Proximity to endemic areas of India and presence of vectors suggests transmission likely
Brunei Darussalam	Presumed widespread	Unknown	Limited data but outbreak reported in 2013 Proximity to Sarawak, Malaysia suggests ongoing transmission likely
Burma (Myanmar)	Presumed widespread	Year-round with most cases reported July–September
Cambodia	Widespread	Year-round with peak season May–October	Cases reported from majority of provinces, so transmission likely countrywide
China	All provinces except Xinjiang and Qinghai	Peak season June–October
India	Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal	Peak season May–November, especially in northern India; the season may be extended or yearround in some areas, especially in southern India
Indonesia	Widespread	Year-round, with peak season varying by island	Cases reported from many islands, including Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua, so transmission likely on all islands Several traveler cases reported in recent years from Bali
Japan	All islands	June–October	Rare sporadic cases reported from all islands except Hokkaido Enzootic transmission without reported human cases on Hokkaido
Lao People’s Democratic Republic	Widespread	Year-round with peak season June–September
Malaysia	Widespread	Year-round, with peak season in Sarawak from October–December	Much higher rates of disease reported from Sarawak than peninsular Malaysia
Nepal	Southern lowlands (Terai), some hill and mountain districts	Peak season June–October	Highest rates of disease reported from southern lowlands (Terai) Vaccine not routinely recommended for those trekking in high-altitude areas
North Korea	Presumed widespread	Unknown Proximity to South Korea suggests peak transmission May–November
Pakistan	Unknown	Unknown	Very limited data Rare cases reported from Sindh Province
Papua New Guinea	Widespread	Presumed year-round	Sporadic cases reported from Western Province, serologic evidence of disease from Gulf and Southern Highland Provinces, and 1 case reported from near Port Moresby, so transmission likely countrywide
Philippines	Widespread	Year-round with peak season April–August	Human, animal, and mosquito studies have indicated transmission in 32 provinces, so transmission likely on all islands
Russia	Primorsky Krai	June–September	Cases previously reported from Primorsky Krai Vaccine not routinely recommended
Singapore	Presumed in focal areas	Year-round	Very rare sporadic cases reported Vaccine not routinely recommended
South Korea	Widespread	May–November
Sri Lanka	Widespread except in mountainous areas	Year-round with peak season November–February
Taiwan	Widespread	Peak season May–October
Thailand	Widespread	Year-round with peak season May–October, especially in northern Thailand	Highest rates of disease reported from Chiang Mai Valley Several traveler cases reported in recent years from resort and coastal areas of southern Thailand
Timor-Leste	Presumed widespread	No data Proximity to West Timor suggests year-round
Viet Nam	Widespread	Year-round with peak season May–October, especially in northern Viet Nam

Country	Affected areas	Transmission season
Australia	Outer Torres Strait islands	December–May; all human cases reported February–April
Bangladesh	Presumed widespread	Most human cases reported May–October
Bhutan	Very rare reports; probably endemic in nonmountainous areas	No data
Brunei	Very rare reports; presumed to be endemic countrywide	Unknown; presumed year round
Burma (Myanmar)	Limited data; presumed to be endemic countrywide	Unknown; most human cases reported May–October
Cambodia	Presumed to be endemic countrywide	Year round; peak season May–October
China	Human cases reported from all provinces except Xizang (Tibet), Xinjiang and Qinghai.	Most human cases reported June–October
East Timor	Sporadic human cases reported; presumed to be endemic countrywide	No data; cases reported year round in neighboring West Timor
India	Human cases reported from all states except Dadra, Daman, Diu, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Lakshadweep, Meghalaya, Nagar Haveli, Punjab, Rajasthan and Sikkim	Most human cases reported May–October, especially in northern India; the season may be extended or year round in some areas, be extended or year round in some areas, especially in southern India
Indonesia	Presumed to be endemic countrywide	Year round; peak season varies by island
Japan**	Rare sporadic human cases on all islands except Hokkaido; enzootic activity ongoing	Most human cases reported July–October
Korea, North	Limited data; presumed to be endemic countrywide	No data; proximity to South Korea suggests peak transmission is likely to be May–October
Korea, South**	Rare sporadic human cases countrywide; enzootic activity ongoing	Most human cases reported May–October
Laos	Limited data; presumed to be endemic countrywide	Year round; peak season June–September
Malaysia	Endemic in Sarawak; sporadic cases reported from all other states; occasional outbreaks reported	Year round; in Sarawak, peak season October–December
Nepal	Endemic in southern Iowlands (Terai); cases also reported from hill and montain districts, including the Kathmandu valley	Most human cases reported June-October
Pakistan	Limited data; human cases reported from around Karachi	Unknown
Papua New Guinea	Limited data; probably widespread	Unknown; probably year round
Philippines	Limited data; presumed to be endemic on all islands	Year round; peak season June–September
Russia	Rare human cases reported from the Far Eastern maritime areas south of Khabarovsk	Most human cases reported July–September
Singapore	Rare sporadic human cases reported	Year round
Sri Lanka	Endemic countrywide except in mountainous areas	Year round; variable peaks based on monsoon rains
Taiwan^**	Rare sporadic human cases islandwide	Most human cases reported May–October
Thailand	Endemic countrywide; seasonal epidemics in the northern provinces	Year round; peak season May–October, provinces especially in the north
Vietnam	Endemic countrywide; seasonal epidemics in the northern provinces	Year round; peak season May–October, especially in the north
Western Pacific Islands	Outbreaks of human disease reported in Guam in 1947–1948 and Saipan in 1990	Unknown; most human cases reported October–March
*Data are based on published reports and personal correspondence. Risk assessments should be performed cautiously, because risk can vary within areas and from year to year, and surveillance data regarding human cases and JE virus transmission are incomplete.
**In some endemic areas, human cases among residents are limited because of natural immunity among older people or vaccination. However, because JE virus is maintained in an enzootic cycle between animalsand mosquitoes, susceptible visitors to these areas still may be at risk of infection.

Never underestimate
the power of a bite.

Never underestimate
the power of a bite.

Japanese encephalitis is a potentially devastating neurologic disease¹

Reduce Risk for Your Patients by Knowing the Facts

KEY FACTS ABOUT JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Japanese encephalitis is not just in Japan

JE occurs across Asia

JE is the most common
vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia^1,3

Up to 30% who develop
JE die, and up to 50%
of JE survivors suffer
long-term sequelae^{1,3 *}

There is no specific
treatment for JE³

KEY FACTS ABOUT JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Japanese encephalitis is not just in Japan

JE occurs across Asia

JE is the most common
vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia^1,3

Up to 30% who develop JE die, and up to 50%
of JE survivors suffer long-term sequelae^{1,4 *}

There is no specific
treatment for JE^1,4

One vaccine can help
protect them.

Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC)

What is IXIARO®?

CDC Recommends

One vaccine can help protect them.

What is Ixiaro?®

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

CDC Recommends

Indication & Usage

Important Safety Information

This website is intended for US-based healthcare professionals.

Risk areas and transmission season for Japanese encephalitis (JE), by country^*,†,‡

JE Checklist for Travel to Asia

Assess Risk of JE Virus Exposure

Barrier Protection & Mosquito Avoidance⁸

The 4 Os of Je Vaccination^8,9

JE Checklist for Travel to Asia

Assess Risk of JE Virus Exposure

Barrier Protection & Mosquito Avoidance⁸

The 4 Os of Je Vaccination^8,9

Never underestimate the power of a bite.

Never underestimate the power of a bite.

Japanese encephalitis is a potentially devastating neurologic disease1

Reduce Risk for Your Patients by Knowing the Facts

KEY FACTS ABOUT JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Japanese encephalitis is not just in Japan

JE occurs across Asia

JE is the most common vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia1,3

Up to 30% who develop JE die, and up to 50% of JE survivors suffer long-term sequelae1,3 *

There is no specific treatment for JE3

KEY FACTS ABOUT JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Japanese encephalitis is not just in Japan

JE occurs across Asia

JE is the most common vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia1,3

Up to 30% who develop JE die, and up to 50% of JE survivors suffer long-term sequelae1,4 *

There is no specific treatment for JE1,4

One vaccine can help protect them.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

What is IXIARO®?

CDC Recommends

One vaccine can help protect them.

What is Ixiaro?®

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

CDC Recommends

Indication & Usage

Important Safety Information

This website is intended for US-based healthcare professionals.

Never underestimate
the power of a bite.

Never underestimate
the power of a bite.

Japanese encephalitis is a potentially devastating neurologic disease¹

JE is the most common
vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia^1,3

Up to 30% who develop
JE die, and up to 50%
of JE survivors suffer
long-term sequelae^{1,3 *}

There is no specific
treatment for JE³

JE is the most common
vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia^1,3

Up to 30% who develop JE die, and up to 50%
of JE survivors suffer long-term sequelae^{1,4 *}

There is no specific
treatment for JE^1,4

One vaccine can help
protect them.

Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC)